MCQ

Engineering mcq

Thursday, 19 May 2016

Fluid Mechanics Competitive Q & A [ISRO ,DRDO, Ph.D RET, GATE] - PART1

Which of the following is an example of laminar flow?
A.Under ground flow
B.Flow past tiny bodies
C.Flow of oil in measuring instruments
D.all of these
Answer: Option D
In one dimensional flow, the flow
A.is steady and uniform
B.takes place in straight line
C.takes place in curve
D.takes place in one direction
Answer: Option B
A flow whose streamline is represented by a curve, is called
A.one-dimensional flow
B.two-dimensional flow
C.three-dimensional flow
D.four-dimensional flow
Answer: Option B
The imaginary line drawn in the fluid in such a way that the tangent to any point gives the direction of motion at that point, is known as
A.path line
B.stream line
C.steak line
D.potential line
Answer: Option B
The tangential velocity of the water element having a free vortex is
A.directly proportional to its distance from the centre
B.inversely proportional to its distance from the centre
C.directly proportional to its (distance)2 from the centre
D.inversely proportional to its (distance)2 from the centre
Answer: Option B
The kinematic viscosity is the
A.ratio of absolute viscosity to the density of the liquid
B.ratio of density of the liquid to the absolute viscosity
C.product of absolute viscosity and density of the liquid
D.product of absolute viscosity and mass of the liquid
Answer: Option A
When a body is placed over a liquid, it will float if
A.gravitational force is equal to the upthrust of the liquid
B.gravitational force is less than the upthrust of the liquid
C.gravitational force is more than the upthrust of the liquid
D.none of the above
Answer: Option B
When a body is placed over a liquid, it will sink down if
A.gravitational force is equal to the upthrust of the liquid
B.gravitational force is less than the upthrust of the liquid
C.gravitational force is more than the upthrust of the liquid
D.none of the above
Answer: Option C
The buoyancy depends upon the
A.weight of the liquid displaced
B.pressure with which the liquid is displaced
C.viscosity of the liquid
D.compressibility of the liquid
Answer: Option A
The length AB of a pipe ABC in which the liquid is flowing has diameter (d1) and is suddenly enlarged to diameter (d2) at B which is constant for the length BC. The loss of head due to sudden enlargement is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer: Option C
Coefficient of contraction is the ratio of
A.actual velocity of jet at vena contracta to the theoretical velocity
B.loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
C.actual discharge through an orifice to the theoretical discharge
D.area of jet at vena contracta to the area of orifice
Answer: Option D
Coefficient of resistance is the ratio of
A.actual velocity of jet at vena contracta to the theoretical velocity
B.area of jet at vena contracta to the area of orifice
C.loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
D.actual discharge through an orifice to the dieoretical discharge
Answer: Option C
The power transmitted through the pipe is maximum when the head lost due to friction is equal to
A.one-fourth of the total supply head
B.one-third of the total supply head
C.one-half of the total supply head
D.two-third of the total supply head
Answer: Option B
In order to measure the flow with a venturimeter, it is installed in
A.horizontal line
B.inclined line with flow upwards
C.inclined line with flow downwards
D.any direction and in any location
Answer: Option D
The loss of head due to friction in a pipe of uniform diameter in which a viscous flow is taking place, is (where RN = Reynold number)
A.1/RNB.4/RN
C.16/RND.64/RN
Answer: Option C
The liquid used in manometers should have
A.low density
B.high density
C.low surface tension
D.high surface tension
Answer: Option D
A manometer is used to measure
A.low pressure
B.moderate pressure
C.high pressure
D.atomospheric pressure
Answer: Option C

The body will sink down if the force of buoyancy is __________ the weight of the liquid displaced.
A.equal to
B.less than
C.more than
Answer: Option B
The velocity corresponding to Reynold number of 2000 is called
A.sub-sonic velocity
B.super-sonic velocity
C.lower critical velocity
D.higher critical velocity
Answer: Option C
The velocity corresponding to Reynold number of 2800, is called
A.sub-sonic velocity
B.super-sonic velocity
C.lower critical velocity
D.higher critical velocity
Answer: Option D
The atmospheric pressure at sea level is
A.103 kN/m2
B.10.3 m of water
C.760 mm of mercury
D.all of these
Answer: Option D
The loss of pressure head in case of laminar flow is proportional to
A.velocityB.(velocity)2
C.(velocity)3D.(velocity)4
Answer: Option A
The flow of water through the hole in the bottom of a wash basin is an example of
A.steady flow
B.uniform flow
C.free vortex
D.forced vortex
Answer: Option C
The velocity at which the laminar flow stops, is known as
A.velocity of approach
B.lower critical velocity
C.higher critical velocity
D.none of these
Answer: Option B
When a cylindrical vessel, containing some liquid, is rotated about its vertical axis, the liquid surface is depressed down at the axis of its rotation and rises up near the walls of the vessel on all sides. This type of flow is known as
A.steady flow
B.turbulent flow
C.vortex flow
D.uniform flow
Answer: Option C
The shear stress-strain graph for a newtonian fluid is a
A.straight line
B.parabolic curve
C.hyperbolic curve
D.elliptical
Answer: Option A
A flow in which the viscosity of fluid is dominating over the inertia force is called
A.steady flow
B.unsteady flow
C.laminar flow
D.turbulent flow
Answer: Option C
The length of the divergent cone in a venturimeter is __________ that of the convergent cone.
A.equal to
B.double
C.three to four times
D.five to six times
Answer: Option C
A flow through a long pipe at constant rate is called
A.steady uniform flow
B.steady non-uniform flow
C.unsteady uniform flow
D.unsteady non-uniform flow
Answer: Option A
With an increase in size of tube, the rise or depression of liquid in the tube due to surface tension will
A.decrease
B.increase
C.remain unchanged
D.depend upon the characteristics of liquid
Answer: Option A
The hammer blow in pipes occurs when
A.there is excessive leakage in the pipe
B.the pipe bursts under high pressure of fluid
C.the flow of fluid through the pipe is suddenly brought to rest by closing of the valve
D.the flow of fluid through the pipe is gradually brought to rest by closing of the valve
Answer: Option C

Monday, 25 April 2016

Saturday, 23 April 2016

Space flight m.c.q for GATE Aerospace Engineering

1.     Geocentric orbits with altitudes up to 2,000 
(a)   Low Earth orbit (LEO)
(b)   Medium Earth orbit (MEO): 
(c)    Geostationary orbit (GEO)
(d)   Geosynchronous orbit (GSO)
2.      Pick the correct option:
[A] All geostationary orbits are also geosynchronous, but not all geosynchronous orbits are geostationary.
[R] A geostationary orbit stays exactly above the equator, whereas a geosynchronous orbit may swing north and south to cover more of the Earth's surface.
(a)    both the statements are correct and correct explanation
(b)    both the statements are correct and does not explanation the statement
(c)    [A] is correct but [R] is wrong
(d)   [A] is wrong but [R] is correct
3.      An elliptical orbit used to transfer between two circular orbits of different altitudes, in the same plane-
(a)    bi-elliptic transfer
(b)   Hohmann transfer
(c)    Low energy transfers
(d)   All of these
4.      What is/are the condition followed for Gravity-free Drag-free Space Flight
(a)    Far away from any massive body no gravity
(b)   Far away from any sensible atmosphere no aerodynamic forces
(c)    Only force applied is from rocket motor
(d)   All of the above
5.      Forces acting on a vehicle in the atmosphere will be
(a)    Gravity
(b)   Aerodynamic force
(c)    Thrust
(d)   All of the above
6.      Thrust – to – weight ratio for Large surface launched vehicles:
(a)   1.2-2.2
(b)   5.4-6.8
(c)    10-50
(d)   50-100
7.      Thrust – to – weight ratio for Small missiles:
(a)    1.2-2.2
(b)   5.4-6.8
(c)    10-50
(d)   50-100
8.      For a vehicle in gravitation-less space, to boost the vehicle velocity by 1500 m/sec, if the effective motor exhaust velocity is 2100 m/sec. If the initial total vehicle mass is 4400 kg, the corresponding propellant masses
(a)    220.3 kg
(b)   899.7 kg
(c)    2151.6 kg
(d)   2246.1 kg
9.      Compute the propellant mass required to a mission orbit requiring a velocity impulse of 4400 m/s. Assume that the burnout mass of the rocket structure is 2000 kg and that the specific impulse of the propellant (LO2/LH2) and rocket motor combination is 460 sec.
(a)    330.5 kg
(b)   530.5 kg
(c)    3305 kg
(d)   5305 kg
10.      For an elliptical orbit,
(a)     Perigee velocity is equal to apogee.
(b)   Perigee velocity is less than apogee.
(c)    Perigee velocity is greater than apogee.
(d)   perigee velocity does not affect apogee
11.      If 0°≤i<90°, the satellite orbits in the same direction as the earth’s rotation (orbit­ing eastward around the earth)
(a)    equatorial orbits
(b)   prograde orbit.
(c)    retrograde orbit
(d)   Polar orbits
12.      If 90°<i≤180°, the satellite orbits in the opposite direc­tion of the earth’s rotation (orbiting westward about the earth)
(a)    equatorial orbits
(b)   prograde orbit.
(c)    retrograde orbit
(d)   Polar orbits
13.      Consider an initial circular, LEO at a 200km.What velocity would be required to produce an elliptical orbit with a 200km altitude at periapsis and 2000km altitude at apoapsis?[RE= 6400km]
(a)   0.45
(b)   0.54
(c)    0.62
(d)   0.77
14.      What will be the sign change when the velocity added to a spacecraft initial velocity changed from the initial to final orbit?
(a)    Zero
(b)   Positive
(c)    Negative
(d)   Positive or negative
15.      Considering a circular Mars orbit of radius 8000km to an apogee orbit radius 15000 km. The time for transfer is [Take:- ]
(a)    0.26 hr
(b)   1.04 hr
(c)    5.2 hr
(d)   10.4 hr
16.      A spacecraft launched from a circular orbit of radius 9100km to a final coplanar, elliptical orbit with eccentricity of 0.1 and perigee radius of 9000 km.[ .
A.    The flight path angle on the final orbit is-
(a)   2.508 deg
(b)   – 2.508 rad-1
(c)    28.464 deg
(d)   331.536 rad-1
B.     The velocity change necessary to convert from the initial to the final orbit(in km/s)
(a)    0.292
(b)   0.416
(c)    0.618
(d)   0.910
17.      Which of the following statement is correct for a Hohmann transfer between two circular coplanar orbits?
(a)    The apoapsis radius equal to radius of the initial orbits and the periapsis radius equal to radius of the final orbit.
(b)   The periapsis radius equal to radius of the initial orbits and the apoapsis radius equal to radius of the final orbit.
(c)    The periapsis radius less than radius of the initial orbits and the apoapsis radius equal to radius of the final orbit.
(d)   The apoapsis radius equal to radius of the initial orbits and the periapsis radius greater than radius of the final orbit.
18.      Pick the appropriate option , according to the corresponding propellant with an  increasing Specific Impulse
(a)    Nitric acid/mono-methyl-hydrazine < Cold Gas < Mono-propellant-hydrazine < LO2/LH2
(b)   Mono-propellant-hydrazine < Cold Gas < LO2/LH2 < Nitric acid/mono-methyl-hydrazine
(c)    Cold Gas < Mono-propellant-hydrazine < Nitric acid/mono-methyl-hydrazine < LO2/LH2
(d)   Mono-propellant-hydrazine < Cold Gas < Nitric acid/mono-methyl-hydrazine < LO2/LH2
19.      If the wedge half angle θ is greater than θmax , the shock becomes
(a)    Oblique shock
(b)   Normal shock
(c)    Bow shock
(d)   Expansion shock
20.      An incompressible fluid flows over a flat plate with zero pressure gradients. The boundary layer thickness is 1mm at a location where Reynolds number is 1000.If the velocity of the fluid alone is increased by a factor of 4, then the boundary layer thickness at the same location , in mm will be
(a)    0.25
(b)   0.5
(c)    2
(d)   4

Friday, 15 April 2016

strength of material m.c.q

1) Find the modulus of elasticity for a rod, which tapers uniformly from 35mm to 15mm diameter .The rod is subjected to an axial load of 5KN.If the extension in the rod is 0.025 mm for a length of 300 mm rod
a)145.51GPa b)150 GPa c)155GPa d )160GPa
2) A bar uniform strength follows this condition. If “A”, “a” are areas of upper and lower ends of bar. “W” is the weight per unit volume, S=uniform stress in the bar, L=length of the bar
a) A=a exp(WL/S) b)A=a exp(WLS) c)A=a exp(W/LS) d)none
3) The strain due to temperature change in the bar? If a= coefficient of thermal expansion, t=temperature change
a) at b)a/t c)t/a d)a-t
4) If a material having young’s modulus 1.2*105 N/mm2 and bulk modulus of elasticity of 0.8*105 N/mm2 .Then poisons ratio is
a) 0.5 b) 0.25 c) 0.6 d)0.7
5) If a rigidly connected bar of steel and copper is cooled .then steel bar will be subjected to
a) tension b)compression c)shear d)none
6) Rate of change of bending moment with respect to length of beam is
a) shear force b)shear force per unit area c)zero d)infinite
7)The point where the sign of the bending moment is changing is called as
a)point of inflection b) point of contra flexure c)point of shear d)none
8)A steel plate of 60mm wide &120 mm thick is to be bent into a circular arc of radius 15 m,E=2*105 N/mm2.Then maximum bending stress will be?
a)800N/mm2 b)900N/mm2 c)1000N/mm2 d)none
9)A beam of length L is hinged at both ends ,is used as a column, What is effective length?
a)L b)2L c)L/2 d)3L
10) The ratio of average shear stress to maximum shear stress in case of rectangular beam is ?
a) 1.5 b) 0.66 c) 1 d) 2.
11)A freely supported beam is subjected to udl throughout the span ,the shape of BMD IS
a)rectangle b)equilateral triangle c)parabola d)none
12)Angle between principal planes is
a)360 deg b)90 deg c)45 deg d)0 deg
13)A solid round bar 3 m long&5 cm in diameter is used as strut with both ends hinged .Determine crippling load E=2*105 N/mm2
a) 67.3 KN b)70KN c)77KN d)80KN
14)The mohr’s circle reduces to point when body is subjected to
a)pure shear only
b)uni axial shear only
c)equal and opposite axial stress on two mutually perpendicular planes being free of shear\
d)equal axial stress on mutually perpendicular planes and planes being free of shear
15)A circular rod of 100 mm diameter &500 mm length is subjected to tensile force of 1000 KN. Determine the modulus of rigidity(G).? If E=2*105 N/mm2 and poisons ratio=0.3
a)0.3*105N/mm2 b)0.5*105 N/mm2 c)0.7*105N/mm2 d)0.2*105N/mm2
16)Two shafts A &B are made of same material. The diameter of shaft B is twice that of shaft A. The ratio of power which can be transmitted by shaft A to that of shaft B is
a)1/4 b)1/16 c)1/8 d)1/2
17)The shear stress distribution over a rectangular cross section of a beam follows
a)a straight line path b)an elliptical path c)a circular path d)a parabolic path
18)A shaft is initially subjected to a bending moment and then was subjected to torsion if magnitude of bending moment is found to be same as that of torque, then the ratio of maximum bending stress to shear stress would be
a)0.5 b)0.25 c)2 d)4
19) Thermal stress is function of
a)modulus of elasticity b)coefficient of linear expansion c)change in temperature 4)all of the above
20) The Euler load for column is 1000KN,and crushing load is 1800KN,the Rankine load is equal to
a)600KN b)1000KN c)1500KN d)2500KN
21)____theory which is applied to brittle materials
22)_____theory which is applied to ductile materials
23)formula for factor of safty is_____
24)formula for bulk modulus______
25)Elongation due to selfwight in the cylindrical bar is___of the elongation due to external load
26)Principal planes are the planes having the shear stress value equals to_____
27)The ratio between change in volume to original volume of a body is called as_____
28)unit of volumetric strain_____
29)At maximum bending moment ,shear force equals to____
30)The relationship between youngs modulus E,shear modulus G,when poisons ratio is zero_____
KEY
1)a
2)a
3)a
4)b
5)c
6)a
7)b
8)a
9)a
10)b
11)b
12)b
13)a
14)d
15)c
16)c
17)d
18)c
19)d
20)a
21)maximum normal stress criterion(columbs criterion)
22)maximum distortion energy criterion(von mises criterion)/maximum shearing stress criterion
23)yield point stress/working stress for ductile materials
Ultimate stress/working stress for brittle materials
24)direct stress/volumetric strain
25)0.5 times
26)zero
27)volumetric strain
28)No unit
29)zero
30)E=2G

Saturday, 9 April 2016

CFD Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade With Winglets

This study is aimed at investigating the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine blade with winglets and compares its performance in terms of the power generated with a regular straight blade without winglet. Adding a winglet to the wind turbine blade improves the power production without increasing the projected rotor area. A parameter study is carried out where two of the key parameters which describe a winglet design namely the cant angle and the winglet height are varied. The winglet is bent towards the pressure (upstream) side. Pro/ENGINEER is used to generate a straight wind turbine blade which is then modified in SPACECLAIM to attach a winglet to it. Single blade analysis approach is chosen to carry out the computation, as this involves less computational time and low cost. Results show that adding a winglet to a straight blade increases its power output by 2% to 20%. In addition, winglet which has a cant angle of 45° performs better, generating more power than the winglet which is perpendicular to the blade (cant angle 90°). Also, the power generation increases with the increase in the winglet height. Amongst the four winglet designs discussed, the design W4 with cant angle of 45° and winglet height of 4% rotor radius performs the best resulting in 20% improvement in the power generation when added to a straight blade.

Wednesday, 6 April 2016

Aerodynamics Quest M C Q

1. The amount of lift depends on these things:
a) the wing's airfoil shape  
b) angle of attack 
c) speed of flight
d) All of the above

2. The top surface of the wing has more camber than the bottom surface, the air flows faster over the top of the wing than it does underneath. The difference in air pressure above and below the wing causes
a) Lift
b) Drag
c) Thrust
d) both lift and Thrust

3.Long slender wings like those on a sail-plane are 
a) low AR
b) medium AR
c) high AR
d) AR unpredictable.

4. High speed air-planes ,like modern jet fighters have - 
a) no sweep
b) lower sweep
c) greater sweep
d) either b) or c)

5. Air density is measured by how tightly compressed the molecules are. When there are more molecules in the air (greater density), 
a) it is easier to generate lift
b) it is more difficult to generate lift
c) unpredictable
d) no lift will produce

6. The amount of drag depends on -
a) size of the aircraft 
b) details of the shape and smoothness of the aircraft 
c) lifting efficiency of the wing 
d) All of the above